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Valery Vladimirovich Polyakov

1942-

Russian Cosmonaut

Dr. Valery Vladimirovich Polyakov—physician, researcher, and cosmonaut—holds the record for human longevity in space. In 1994-95 Polyakov spent 437 days and 17 hours in space, the longest uninterrupted time by an individual human being. His total space time (678.7 days) is second only to fellow cosmonaut Sergei Vasilyevich Avdeyev (1956- ).

Polyakov was born April 27, 1942, in the town of Tula, located in the Russian Republic of the former Soviet Union. After completing high school, Polyakov went to Moscow, where he received a medical degree in 1965 from the I. M. Sechenov Medical Institute. He has taught and conducted research in leading Russian medical and biological institutes, as well as the Russian Mission Control Center in Moscow. In 1972 Polyakov was selected to become a cosmonaut and began a rigorous training program at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center. At the same time he continued his work as a medical researcher, expanding his focus to the biological effects of space travel and emergency medicine

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Valery Polyakov: Record-breaking Russian cosmonaut dies aged 80

A Russian cosmonaut who holds the record for the longest-ever trip to space has died aged 80.

Valery Polyakov spent 437 full days orbiting the Earth between 1994 and 1995 on the Mir space station.

He worked on experiments to see whether people could maintain their mental health if they were to make a long journey to Mars.

Tests found that there was no impairment of his cognitive function as a result of his 14-month expedition.

Polyakov's death was announced by the Russian space agency, which used his honorary titles, including hero of the Soviet Union and pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR.

The cause of Polyakov's death was not disclosed.

The agency, Roscosmos, added in a Telegram post that Polyakov's research had helped to prove that the human body could handle flights well beyond Earth's orbit, into deep space.

Polyakov was born in 1942 in Tula, a city to the south of the capital Moscow, qualifying first as a physician and then as a cosmonaut.

He was launched on his first mission in Augus

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— Soviet-era cosmonaut Valery Polyakov, who logged the single longest stay in space, has died at the age of 80.

Polyakov's death on Monday (Sept. 19) was reported by Roscosmos, Russia's federal space corporation.

"The Roscosmos State Corporation regrets to announce the death of the Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of Russia, USSR pilot-cosmonaut, holder of the world record for the longest flight into space (437 days) Valery Polyakov," Roscosmos officials wrote on the messaging service Telegram (machine translated from the original Russian). "We express our deep condolences to the relatives and friends of Valery Vladimirovich."

Selected in 1972 with Russia's third group of medical doctors to train to become cosmonauts, Polyakov launched on two long-duration missions to the Russian space station Mir. In total, he was off Earth for 678 days, 16 hours and 32 minutes, ranking him today as eighth in the world for total time spent in space.

Polyakov's first mission began with his launch aboard Soyuz TM-6 on Aug. 29, 1988. Lifting off with commander Vladimir Lyakhov and Interco